diff --git a/.idea/workspace.xml b/.idea/workspace.xml
index 9186299..d783639 100644
--- a/.idea/workspace.xml
+++ b/.idea/workspace.xml
@@ -4,10 +4,10 @@
     <option name="autoReloadType" value="ALL" />
   </component>
   <component name="ChangeListManager">
-    <list default="true" id="3fefb2c4-b6f9-466b-a523-53352e8d6f95" name="更改" comment=":bug: Fix new realm owner missing permissions">
+    <list default="true" id="3fefb2c4-b6f9-466b-a523-53352e8d6f95" name="更改" comment=":zap: Use map to improve message delivery time">
       <change beforePath="$PROJECT_DIR$/.idea/workspace.xml" beforeDir="false" afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/.idea/workspace.xml" afterDir="false" />
-      <change beforePath="$PROJECT_DIR$/pkg/server/notify_ws.go" beforeDir="false" afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/pkg/server/notify_ws.go" afterDir="false" />
-      <change beforePath="$PROJECT_DIR$/pkg/services/connections.go" beforeDir="false" afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/pkg/services/connections.go" afterDir="false" />
+      <change beforePath="$PROJECT_DIR$/pkg/models/notifications.go" beforeDir="false" afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/pkg/models/notifications.go" afterDir="false" />
+      <change beforePath="$PROJECT_DIR$/pkg/server/notifications_api.go" beforeDir="false" afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/pkg/server/notifications_api.go" afterDir="false" />
       <change beforePath="$PROJECT_DIR$/pkg/services/notifications.go" beforeDir="false" afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/pkg/services/notifications.go" afterDir="false" />
     </list>
     <option name="SHOW_DIALOG" value="false" />
@@ -151,7 +151,8 @@
     <MESSAGE value=":bug: Bug fixes on realm missing member on creation" />
     <MESSAGE value=":bug: Dumb man make dumb mistake again" />
     <MESSAGE value=":bug: Fix new realm owner missing permissions" />
-    <option name="LAST_COMMIT_MESSAGE" value=":bug: Fix new realm owner missing permissions" />
+    <MESSAGE value=":zap: Use map to improve message delivery time" />
+    <option name="LAST_COMMIT_MESSAGE" value=":zap: Use map to improve message delivery time" />
   </component>
   <component name="VgoProject">
     <settings-migrated>true</settings-migrated>
diff --git a/pkg/models/notifications.go b/pkg/models/notifications.go
index 5daf4dd..c1302bf 100644
--- a/pkg/models/notifications.go
+++ b/pkg/models/notifications.go
@@ -31,8 +31,9 @@ const (
 type NotificationSubscriber struct {
 	BaseModel
 
-	UserAgent string `json:"user_agent"`
-	Provider  string `json:"provider"`
-	DeviceID  string `json:"device_id" gorm:"uniqueIndex"`
-	AccountID uint   `json:"account_id"`
+	UserAgent   string `json:"user_agent"`
+	Provider    string `json:"provider"`
+	DeviceID    string `json:"device_id" gorm:"uniqueIndex"`
+	DeviceToken string `json:"device_token"`
+	AccountID   uint   `json:"account_id"`
 }
diff --git a/pkg/server/notifications_api.go b/pkg/server/notifications_api.go
index 4ad4f5c..fbaa3ac 100644
--- a/pkg/server/notifications_api.go
+++ b/pkg/server/notifications_api.go
@@ -89,8 +89,9 @@ func addNotifySubscriber(c *fiber.Ctx) error {
 	user := c.Locals("principal").(models.Account)
 
 	var data struct {
-		Provider string `json:"provider" validate:"required"`
-		DeviceID string `json:"device_id" validate:"required"`
+		Provider    string `json:"provider" validate:"required"`
+		DeviceToken string `json:"device_token" validate:"required"`
+		DeviceID    string `json:"device_id" validate:"required"`
 	}
 
 	if err := utils.BindAndValidate(c, &data); err != nil {
@@ -99,8 +100,9 @@ func addNotifySubscriber(c *fiber.Ctx) error {
 
 	var count int64
 	if err := database.C.Where(&models.NotificationSubscriber{
-		DeviceID:  data.DeviceID,
-		AccountID: user.ID,
+		DeviceID:    data.DeviceID,
+		DeviceToken: data.DeviceToken,
+		AccountID:   user.ID,
 	}).Model(&models.NotificationSubscriber{}).Count(&count).Error; err != nil || count > 0 {
 		return c.SendStatus(fiber.StatusOK)
 	}
@@ -109,6 +111,7 @@ func addNotifySubscriber(c *fiber.Ctx) error {
 		user,
 		data.Provider,
 		data.DeviceID,
+		data.DeviceToken,
 		c.Get(fiber.HeaderUserAgent),
 	)
 	if err != nil {
diff --git a/pkg/services/notifications.go b/pkg/services/notifications.go
index ceb2a1a..8f9de11 100644
--- a/pkg/services/notifications.go
+++ b/pkg/services/notifications.go
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package services
 import (
 	"context"
 	jsoniter "github.com/json-iterator/go"
+	"reflect"
 
 	"firebase.google.com/go/messaging"
 	"git.solsynth.dev/hydrogen/passport/pkg/database"
@@ -11,15 +12,32 @@ import (
 	"github.com/rs/zerolog/log"
 )
 
-func AddNotifySubscriber(user models.Account, provider, device, ua string) (models.NotificationSubscriber, error) {
-	subscriber := models.NotificationSubscriber{
-		UserAgent: ua,
-		Provider:  provider,
-		DeviceID:  device,
+func AddNotifySubscriber(user models.Account, provider, id, tk, ua string) (models.NotificationSubscriber, error) {
+	var prev models.NotificationSubscriber
+	var subscriber models.NotificationSubscriber
+	if err := database.C.Where(&models.NotificationSubscriber{
+		DeviceID:  id,
 		AccountID: user.ID,
+	}); err != nil {
+		subscriber = models.NotificationSubscriber{
+			UserAgent:   ua,
+			Provider:    provider,
+			DeviceID:    id,
+			DeviceToken: tk,
+			AccountID:   user.ID,
+		}
+	} else {
+		prev = subscriber
 	}
 
-	err := database.C.Save(&subscriber).Error
+	subscriber.UserAgent = ua
+	subscriber.Provider = provider
+	subscriber.DeviceToken = tk
+
+	var err error
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(subscriber, prev) {
+		err = database.C.Save(&subscriber).Error
+	}
 
 	return subscriber, err
 }
@@ -72,7 +90,7 @@ func PushNotification(notification models.Notification) error {
 					Title: notification.Subject,
 					Body:  notification.Content,
 				},
-				Token: subscriber.DeviceID,
+				Token: subscriber.DeviceToken,
 			}
 
 			if response, err := client.Send(ctx, message); err != nil {