diff --git a/DysonNetwork.Pass/Wallet/SubscriptionService.cs b/DysonNetwork.Pass/Wallet/SubscriptionService.cs
index 27ccbfa..5f5db41 100644
--- a/DysonNetwork.Pass/Wallet/SubscriptionService.cs
+++ b/DysonNetwork.Pass/Wallet/SubscriptionService.cs
@@ -362,9 +362,12 @@ public class SubscriptionService(
             Topic = "subscriptions.begun",
             Title = localizer["SubscriptionAppliedTitle", humanReadableName],
             Body = localizer["SubscriptionAppliedBody", duration, humanReadableName],
+            Meta = GrpcTypeHelper.ConvertObjectToByteString(new Dictionary<string, object>
+            {
+                ["subscription_id"] = subscription.Id.ToString()
+            }),
             IsSavable = true
         };
-        notification.Meta.Add("subscription_id", Value.ForString(subscription.Id.ToString()));
         await pusher.SendPushNotificationToUserAsync(
             new SendPushNotificationToUserRequest
             {
diff --git a/DysonNetwork.Pusher/Services/PusherServiceGrpc.cs b/DysonNetwork.Pusher/Services/PusherServiceGrpc.cs
index 9240b09..2dd91e7 100644
--- a/DysonNetwork.Pusher/Services/PusherServiceGrpc.cs
+++ b/DysonNetwork.Pusher/Services/PusherServiceGrpc.cs
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ public class PusherServiceGrpc(
             request.Notification.Title,
             request.Notification.Subtitle,
             request.Notification.Body,
-            GrpcTypeHelper.ConvertFromValueMap(request.Notification.Meta),
+            GrpcTypeHelper.ConvertByteStringToObject<Dictionary<string, object?>>(request.Notification.Meta) ?? [],
             request.Notification.ActionUri,
             request.Notification.IsSilent,
             request.Notification.IsSavable
@@ -108,7 +108,8 @@ public class PusherServiceGrpc(
             Title = request.Notification.Title,
             Subtitle = request.Notification.Subtitle,
             Content = request.Notification.Body,
-            Meta = GrpcTypeHelper.ConvertFromValueMap(request.Notification.Meta)
+            Meta = GrpcTypeHelper.ConvertByteStringToObject<Dictionary<string, object?>>(request.Notification.Meta) ??
+                   []
         };
         if (request.Notification.ActionUri is not null)
             notification.Meta["action_uri"] = request.Notification.ActionUri;
diff --git a/DysonNetwork.Shared/Proto/pusher.proto b/DysonNetwork.Shared/Proto/pusher.proto
index 5c69b87..0936856 100644
--- a/DysonNetwork.Shared/Proto/pusher.proto
+++ b/DysonNetwork.Shared/Proto/pusher.proto
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ message PushNotification {
   string title = 2;
   string subtitle = 3;
   string body = 4;
-  map<string, google.protobuf.Value> meta = 5;
+  bytes meta = 5;
   optional string action_uri = 6;
   bool is_silent = 7;
   bool is_savable = 8;
diff --git a/DysonNetwork.Sphere/Chat/ChatService.cs b/DysonNetwork.Sphere/Chat/ChatService.cs
index b1a7a1b..87214ef 100644
--- a/DysonNetwork.Sphere/Chat/ChatService.cs
+++ b/DysonNetwork.Sphere/Chat/ChatService.cs
@@ -241,10 +241,10 @@ public partial class ChatService(
             Body = !string.IsNullOrEmpty(message.Content)
                 ? message.Content[..Math.Min(message.Content.Length, 100)]
                 : "<no content>",
+            Meta = GrpcTypeHelper.ConvertObjectToByteString(metaDict),
             ActionUri = $"/chat/{room.Id}",
             IsSavable = false,
         };
-        notification.Meta.Add(GrpcTypeHelper.ConvertToValueMap(metaDict));
 
         List<Account> accountsToNotify = [];
         foreach (var member in members)
diff --git a/DysonNetwork.Sphere/Publisher/PublisherSubscriptionService.cs b/DysonNetwork.Sphere/Publisher/PublisherSubscriptionService.cs
index 517b00a..8ce504b 100644
--- a/DysonNetwork.Sphere/Publisher/PublisherSubscriptionService.cs
+++ b/DysonNetwork.Sphere/Publisher/PublisherSubscriptionService.cs
@@ -78,10 +78,10 @@ public class PublisherSubscriptionService(
             Topic = "posts.new",
             Title = localizer["PostSubscriptionTitle", post.Publisher.Name, title],
             Body = message,
+            Meta = GrpcTypeHelper.ConvertObjectToByteString(data),
             IsSavable = true,
             ActionUri = $"/posts/{post.Id}"
         };
-        notification.Meta.Add(GrpcTypeHelper.ConvertToValueMap(data));
 
         // Notify each subscriber
         var notifiedCount = 0;